Conditions/General surgery

Hernia surgery

Hernia Disease

Inguinal, umbilical, incisional, and hiatal hernia

Repair is individualized — mesh, approach, and timing depend on the hernia and your health.

A hernia is a weakness in the abdominal wall or diaphragm through which tissue can protrude. Common sites include the groin (inguinal/femoral), umbilicus, prior surgical scars (incisional), and the esophageal hiatus. Symptoms range from a painless bulge to discomfort with standing or lifting; some hernias remain quiet for years. Treatment is not one operation for everyone: selected small asymptomatic defects may be observed, while symptomatic, enlarging, or high-risk hernias are usually repaired. Open, laparoscopic, robotic, and balloonless TEP techniques each have a place when matched to anatomy, laterality, prior surgery, and overall health.

Hernia Disease · mesh repair in the abdominal wall

Educational figures

Tap a figure to enlarge. These English illustrations mirror the Turkish hub gallery for this condition.

  • Groin anatomy
  • Balloonless TEP
  • TEP steps
  • Robotic repair
  • Type matters

    Groin, umbilical, incisional, and hiatal hernias follow different pathways — one label does not fit all.

  • Minimally invasive options

    Laparoscopic / robotic repair and balloonless TEP when anatomy and experience allow.

  • Emergency signs

    An irreducible painful bulge, vomiting, or severe pain needs urgent evaluation for incarceration or strangulation.

  • Recurrence planning

    Mesh choice, plane of repair, and tissue quality are planned to reduce recurrence — not to sell a brand.

Key points for patients

  • When surgery is discussed
    Tap for details

    Symptomatic hernias, enlarging defects, and meaningful risk of incarceration or strangulation usually push toward repair. Asymptomatic small defects may be observed in carefully selected patients after shared decision-making.

  • Open vs laparoscopic / robotic
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    The same anatomic goal — closing the defect and reinforcing the wall when indicated — can be reached through different approaches. Choice depends on hernia type, laterality, prior repairs, scar tissue, and surgeon experience.

  • Balloonless TEP
    Tap for details · key note inside
    NoteNot every groin hernia needs the same operation.

    In selected inguinal hernias, total extraperitoneal repair without balloon dissection creates the preperitoneal space under direct control. It is a focused technique, not a universal upgrade for every groin hernia.

  • Emergency warning signs
    Tap for details · key note inside

    Seek urgent care for a bulge that will not reduce, sudden severe pain, vomiting, fever, or a tense, tender mass. These can signal bowel compromise and should not wait for a routine clinic slot.

    • Irreducible painful bulge
    • Vomiting or obstipation
    • Rapidly worsening pain
    • Fever with a tense mass
  • Recovery expectations
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    Most elective repairs allow early walking; lifting restrictions and return to work depend on the repair type, mesh plane, and your job. Recurrence risk never reaches zero — technique and lifestyle still matter afterward.

Patient journey

In this hub — follow the pathway step by step. Full Turkish illustrated pages remain linked from each chapter.

General surgery3 chapters

Patient education videos

From Dr. Dibekoğlu’s official YouTube channel.

All videos →
  • Inguinal hernia surgery and recovery

  • Is there anything better than balloonless TEP?

  • Inguinal hernia operations

Appointment / info

Bring prior operative notes and imaging if you have them. After examination we can discuss whether observation, open repair, or a minimally invasive approach fits your hernia.

Educational information only; not a substitute for clinical evaluation.

Medical editor: Assoc. Prof. Cengiz Dibekoğlu, MD · English patient-education hub.