Written and medically reviewed by: Assoc. Prof. Cengiz Dibekoğlu, MD, General SurgeryLast updated:
Liver Disease — Cirrhosis
Chronic liver injury and complications
Cirrhosis is nodular fibrosis with falling liver function after long-standing injury—viral hepatitis, alcohol, NASH, autoimmune, and metabolic causes among them. Ascites, encephalopathy, jaundice, and portal hypertension (varices) may follow.
Educational schematic. Some structures may be simplified or emphasized for clarity; not an exact anatomical depiction.
© Cengiz Dibekoğlu — illustrative; not for unauthorized use
Figure summary
This educational figure shows: Cirrhosis.
Key points
Symptoms
Early disease can be silent. Later: fatigue, ascites, jaundice, easy bruising, confusion.
- Key note inside
Portal hypertension
Rising portal pressure drives esophageal/gastric varices, splenomegaly, and ascites. Variceal bleeding is a major emergency.
Surveillance and protection
Treat the cause, manage ascites, screen varices (endoscopy), and HCC surveillance (US ± AFP). Vaccinations matter.
- Key note inside
Surgery caution
Any operation carries higher risk in cirrhosis; liver reserve and varices shape the decision.
More chapters in this hub
Liver Cysts
Simple vs complex cysts — when observation is enough
Hydatid Cyst
Echinococcosis — albendazole, PAIR, and surgery
Liver Disease Diagnosis
How clinicians confirm the problem and stage the next steps
Liver Tumors
Tumors — explained for shared decision-making
Colorectal liver metastases
When colon or rectal cancer has spread to the liver
Liver Disease Treatment
How treatment options are matched to risk, stage, and goals
Fatty Liver Disease
MASLD / MASH (formerly NAFLD / NASH) and metabolic risk
Viral Hepatitis
Hepatitis B and C — chronic care
Liver Abscess
Fever, drainage, and antibiotics
FNH and Adenoma
Benign solid liver lesions
Liver Hemangioma
Common benign vascular tumor
Variceal Bleeding
Portal hypertension emergency
Appointment / info
This page is for education. It is not medical advice and does not replace a visit with your physician.
Medical editor: Assoc. Prof. Cengiz Dibekoğlu, MD · Last medically reviewed: August 2026 · English patient-education chapter.