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Detailed chapter

Soft Tissue Masses — Lipoma

Benign fatty tissue tumor

A lipoma is a slow-growing, usually painless mass of fat cells. It often feels soft and mobile under the skin. Observation or surgical excision is discussed based on size, location, cosmetic concern, pressure symptoms, or diagnostic uncertainty.

Lipoma · educational illustration

Outcomes of any surgical or interventional procedure may vary from person to person. Please seek a detailed consultation with your physician before any procedure.

© Cengiz Dibekoğlu — illustrative; not for unauthorized use

Figure summary

Hero figure: subcutaneous lipoma between skin and fat.

Key points

  • Typical findings

    Soft, mobile, slow-growing mass. Most are solitary; pain is uncommon unless there is pressure or trauma.

    • Neck, shoulder, back, arm, and abdomen are common sites
    • Overlying skin color is usually normal
    • Infection in a lipoma is rare
  • What must be separated from lipoma

    Key note inside

    Liposarcoma or deep soft-tissue tumors can sometimes feel like a “fatty lump.” Deep location, rapid growth, size over 5 cm, or septation/heterogeneity on MRI raises concern. “Stable for years” alone does not rule out liposarcoma — watch growth rate.

  • When is surgery discussed?

    Asymptomatic lesions may be observed. Excision is planned for cosmetic concern, pressure pain, rapid growth, diagnostic doubt, or when pathology confirmation is desired.

  • How excision is usually done

    Most cases are removed under local anesthesia or brief sedation. Deep or multiple lesions may need general anesthesia. Complete removal lowers recurrence risk.

Frequently asked questions

  • Is every lipoma cancer?

    Most are benign. Uncertain or atypical masses need imaging and sometimes pathology — not a label based on feel alone.

  • Can I leave a small lipoma alone?

    Often yes, if it is stable and asymptomatic. New growth or pain should trigger re-evaluation.

This page is for education. It is not medical advice and does not replace a visit with your physician.

Medical editor: Assoc. Prof. Cengiz Dibekoğlu, MD · Last medically reviewed: August 2026 · English patient-education chapter.